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İngilizce öğrenmenin en kolay hali...
İngilizce öğrenmenin en kolay hali...
WISH CLAUSE
Wish, kelime cinsi olarak hem fiil hem de isimdir. İsim olarak “dilek”, “istek”, “temenni” veya “arzu” anlamlarına gelir. Fiil olaraksa “istemek”, “dilemek”, “arzu etmek” demektir. Bir başka değişle want ve would like ile eş anlamlıdır. Ancak wish resmi durumlarda tercih edilir. Wish’in ardından infinitive (to V1), isim/zamir veya bir cümle (clause) gelebilir.
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Subject wish to do something |
- We wish to meet the President.
(Başkanla tanışmayı arzu ediyoruz.)
- I wish to express my gratitude for your support.
(Desteğiniz için minnettarlığımı ifade etmek istiyorum.)
- I wish to pursue my passion.
(Tutkumun peşinden gitmek istiyorum.)
- I wish to make a complaint.
(Bir şikâyette bulunmak istiyorum.)
- I don't wish to worry you but…
(Seni endişelendirmek istemem ama…)
Yukarıda da ifade edildiği gibi wish’den sonra isim/zamir de gelebilir. Bu durumda wish, “dilemek” anlamındadır.
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Subject wish somebody something |
- Wish me luck.
(Bana şans dile.)
- I wish you the best of luck in your new job.
(Sana yeni işinde bol şans dilerim.)
- I wish you a happy New Year.
(Sana mutlu bir yeni yıl diliyorum.)
- I wished him well with his new venture. (I hope he will succeed.)
(Yeni girişiminde ona başarı diledim.)
- I wished her a safe journey.
(Ona güvenli bir yolculuk geçirmesini diledim.)
WISH CLAUSE
Bir istek, arzu veya dileği ortaya koyarken wish clause yapıyı kullanırız. Eğer “I wish” diyerek başlıyorsak, kendi isteğimizi ifade ediyoruz demektir. Ancak bir başkasının olmasını arzu ettiği bir durumu da söyleyebiliriz. O zaman aşağıdaki örneklerde olduğu gibi cümleye başlarız.
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Subject wish subject verb object |
He wishes
She wishes
My mother wishes
We wish
They wish
Görüldüğü gibi önce özne sonra wish fiilini getirerek aslında Simple Present Tense’de bir cümle kurmuş oluyoruz. (I wish, he wishes, they wish, vb.) Bu cümle aslında ana cümledir ve anlam bakımından Türkçede arzu ve isteklerimizi ifade ederken kullandığımız “keşke” kelimesine karşılık geldiğini söyleyebiliriz. Bundan sonra ise istek veya arzunun ifade edildiği yan cümle (subject verb object) gelir.
I wish
He wishes
She wishes
My mother wishes subject verb object
We wish
They wish
Bildiğiniz gibi zaman, temel olarak şimdi, geçmiş ve gelecek olmak üzere 3 bölüme ayrılır. Wish’den sonra gelecek olan cümlenin tense’i, isteğin ne zamana ilişkin olduğuna bağlıdır.
1. A wish about the present: Şu ana ilişkin bir arzu ya da istek
2. A wish about the past: Geçmişe ilişkin bir arzu ya da istek
3. A wish about the future: Geleceğe ilişkin bir arzu ya da istek
1. A WISH ABOUT THE PRESENT
“Keşke George şimdi burada olsaydı.”
Bu bizim isteğimiz ya da arzuladığımız durumdur. Demek ki gerçek olan şey George’un şu anda burada olmadığıdır.
Gerçek durum: George isn’t here now. (George burada değil.)
İsteğimiz (arzumuz): I wish George (he) were here now. (Keşke o şimdi burada olsaydı.)
Yukarıdaki örnekte de görüldüğü gibi wish clause’la istek veya arzularımızı ifade etmek için, gerçek durumu ifade ederken kullandığımız tense’in geçmişini (past biçimini) kullanırız.
Gerçek bir durumu ifade ederken kurduğumuz isim cümlesindeki am, is, are, wish clause’la istek ya da arzumuzu ifade ederken was veya were’e dönüşür.
Yukarıdaki cümlede he şahıs zamirinden sonra was kullanmak yanlış olmamakla birlikte were kelimesini tercih etmemizin nedeni “Keşke o şimdi burada olsaydı” diyerek hayali ya da gerçek olmayan bir durum ortaya koymamızdan kaynaklanmaktadır. Hatırlanacağı gibi aynı şeyi if clause type 2’da hayali durumları ifade ederken de yapmıştık.
Aşağıdaki iki cümleyi inceleyiniz.
- If George (he) were here now: Eğer o şimdi burada olsaydı… (Hayali durum)
- I wish George (he) were here now: Keşke o şimdi burada olsaydı. (Hayali durum)
“Keşke şu anda denizde yüzüyor olsaydım.”
Anlaşılan o ki, bu cümleyi kuran kişi şu anda denizde yüzmüyor. Ancak şu anda bu eylemi yapıyor olmayı istediğini belirtiyor.
Gerçek durum: I am not swimming in the sea now.
(Şu anda denizde yüzmüyorum.)
İsteğimiz (arzumuz): I wish I were swimming in the sea now.
(Keşke şu anda denizde yüzüyor olsaydım.)
“Keşke İngilizceyi akıcı bir şekilde konuşabilseydim.”
Anlaşılan o ki, İngilizceyi akıcı bir şekilde konuşamıyorum.
Gerçek durum: I can’t speak English fluently. (İngilizceyi akıcı bir şekilde konuşamıyorum.)
İsteğimiz (arzumuz): I wish I could speak English fluently.
(Keşke İngilizceyi akıcı bir şekilde konuşabilseydim.)
“Keşke cevabı bilseydim.”
Anlaşılan o ki cevabı bilmiyorum.
Gerçek durum: I don’t know the answer. (Cevabı bilmiyorum.)
İsteğimiz (arzumuz): I wish I knew the answer. (Keşke cevabı bilseydim.)
GERÇEK DURUM WISH CLAUSE
Present Tense of to be Past tense of to be
am / is / are was / were
George isn’t here now. I wish he were here now.
I
Present Continuous Past Continuous
I am not swimming in the sea. I wish I were swimming in the sea.
I
Can Could
I can’t speak English fluently. I wish I could speak English fluently.
I
Simple Present Simple Past
I don’t know the answer. I wish I knew the answer.
Her ne kadar wish’den sonra gelen cümleler Past Tense ise de anlam geçmiş değildir. Yani geçmiş hakkında değil, şu anda olmasını istediğimiz veya hayal ettiğimiz şey hakkında konuşuyoruz demektir. Şu ana ilişken bir istek veya arzudan söz ediyorsak wish’den sonra aşağıdaki tense’leri kullanırız.
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subject were object Subject wish subject were Ving object subject V2 object subject could V1 object |
A wish about the present
Aşağıdaki cümleleri inceleyiniz.
1. My girlfriend isn’t here with me now.
“I miss my girlfriend. I wish she were here with me now.”
(Kız arkadaşımı özlüyorum. Keşke şimdi burada benimle olsaydı.)
2. It’s hot and dry. I don’t like this weather.
“I wish it were cool and wet.”
(Keşke serin ve yağışlı olsaydı.)
3. My father is not rich.
“I wish he were rich.”
(Keşke zengin olsaydı.)
4. I have to stay at home today because I have to look after my little sister.
“I wish I didn’t have to stay at home today.”
(Keşke bugün evde kalmak zorunda olmasaydım.)
5. I don’t have a car.
“I wish I had a car.”
(Keşke arabam olsaydı.)
6. She can’t play the guitar.
“She wishes she could play the guitar.”
(Keşke piyano çalabilseydi.)
7. I am not as tall as you.
“I wish I were as tall as you.”
(Keşke senin kadar uzun boylu olsaydım.)
8. She lives in the city. It is so crowded and noisy.
“She wishes she didn’t live in the city.”
(Keşke şehirde yaşamasaydı.)
9. He doesn’t earn much money.
“He wishes he earned a lot of money.”
(Keşke çok para kazansaydı.)
10. My father doesn’t have a well-paid job.
“I wish he had a well-paid job.”
(Keşke iyi maaşlı bir işi olsaydı.)
11. My father: I am very busy now, so I can’t help you.
“I wish my father weren’t so busy now.”
(Keşke babam şimdi bu kadar meşgul olmasaydı.)
“I wish my father could help me now.”
(Keşke babam şimdi bana yardım edebilseydi.)
12. My family are travelling around India these days, but I am not. Because I have to finish this project.
“I wish I were travelling around India with them now.”
(Keşke şimdi onlarla Hindistan’ı geziyor olsaydım.)
13. Kate doesn’t know Chinese.
“She wishes she knew Chinese.”
(Keşke Çince bilseydi.)
14. He is so rude.
“I wish he weren’t so rude.”
(Keşke bu kadar kaba olmasaydı.)
2. A WISH ABOUT THE PAST
Gerçek durum: It was my birthday yesterday, but my father couldn’t come to my birthday party as he wasn’t here. (Dün doğum günümdü ama babam burada olmadığı için partime gelemedi.)
Gerçek durum: My father wasn’t here yesterday. (Babam dün burada değildi.)
İsteğimiz (arzumuz): I wish my father had been here yesterday.
(Keşke babam dün burada olmuş olsaydı.)
Yukarıdaki örnekten de anlaşılacağı gibi was ya da were (Simple Past Tense) ile ifade ettiğimiz gerçek bir durumun istediğimiz ya da arzu ettiğimiz halini söylerken Past Perfect Tense (had V3) kullanırız.
Gerçek durum: She didn’t study hard for her final exams. So, she failed them.
(Final sınavları için çok çalışmadı. Bu yüzden kaldı.)
İsteğimiz (arzumuz): She wishes she had studied hard for her final exams.
(Keşke final sınavlarına çok çalışmış olsaydı.)
Gerçek durum: I shouted at my little sister as she used my notebook to draw pictures.
Now I regret shouting at her.
(Dün defterimi resim çizmek için kullandığından küçük kız kardeşime bağırdım. Ona bağırdığım için şimdi pişmanım.)
İsteğimiz (arzumuz): I wish I hadn’t shouted at her.
(Keşke ona bağırmamış olsaydım. / Keşke ona bağırmasaydım.)
Gerçek durum: I couldn’t finish my project before the deadline.
İsteğimiz (arzumuz): I wish I could have finished my project before the deadline.
(Keşke projeyi son tarihinden önce bitirebilmiş olsaydım.)
Gerçek durumlarını couldn’t kipi ile ifade ettiğimiz eylemlerin, istediğimiz ya da arzu ettiğimiz hallerini söylerken could have V3 kullanırız.
Gerçek durum: I wasn’t listening to the teacher while she was explaining the subject.
(Dün konuyu açıklarken öğretmeni dinlemiyordum.)
İsteğimiz (arzumuz): I wish I had been listening to her.
(Keşke onu dinliyor olsaydım.)
Gerçek durumlarını Past Continuous Tense ile ifade ettiğimiz eylemlerin istediğimiz ya da arzu ettiğimiz hallerini söylerken Past Perfect Continuous Tense kullanırız.
GERÇEK DURUM WISH CLAUSE
Past tense of to be Past Perfect
was / were had been
My father wasn’t here yesterday. I wish he had been here yesterday.
Simple Past Past Perfect
She didn’t study hard for her exams. She wishes she had studied harder.
Past Continuous Past Perfect
He was driving very fast at the time of the accident. He wishes he hadn’t been driving so fast.
couldn’t V1 could have V3
I couldn’t save enough money for a holiday last year. I wish I could have saved enough money.
I
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subject had been Ving object (Keşke yapıyor olsaydı.) Subject wish subject had V3 object (Keşke yapmış olsaydı.) subject could have V3 object (Keşke yapabilmiş olsaydı.) |
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A wish about the past
Aşağıdaki cümleleri inceleyiniz.
1. I got all my money stolen on the train because I wasn’t careful enough.
“I wish I had been more careful.”
(Keşke daha dikkatli olsaydım.)
2. She was not able to stay in İstanbul an extra day.
“She wishes she had been able to stay in İstanbul one more day.”
(Keşke İstanbul’da bir gün daha kalabilmiş olsaydı.)
3. I told my friend not to eat at that cheap restaurant. He didn’t listen to me and had lunch there. He is sick now.
“He wishes he hadn’t had lunch at that cheap restaurant.”
(Keşke o ucuz restoranda öğle yemeği yememiş olsaydı.)
4. The weather was very cold yesterday, so we couldn’t go skiing.
“We wish we could have gone skiing yesterday.”
(Keşke dün kayağa gidebilmiş olsaydık.)
5. I didn’t get up early enough yesterday morning because I went to bed very late. I missed the bus, and I was late for the job interview.
“I wish I had got up early enough yesterday morning.”
(Keşke dün sabah yeterince erken kalkmış olsaydım.)
6. I was playing online games on my mobile in class. The teacher saw me and confiscated my mobile.
“I wish I hadn’t been playing games on my mobile in class.”
(Keşke derste cep telefonumdan oyun oynamıyor olsaydım.)
7. Linda regrets marrying Tom.
“She wishes she hadn’t married him.”
(Keşke onunla evlenmemiş olsaydı.)
8. He didn’t buy a ticket to the cup final yesterday because he didn’t want to go to the match.
He now wants to go, but the tickets were sold out and he won’t be able to see it in the stadium.
“He wishes he had bought a ticket to the cup final yesterday.”
(Keşke dün kupa finaline bilet almış olsaydı.)
9. You accepted their job offer and now you have been travelling so much that I can hardly see you.
“How I wish you hadn’t accepted their job offer.”
(Onların iş teklifini kabul etmemiş olmanı çok isterdim.)
10. We couldn’t beat our rivals and we lost the championship.
“We wish we could have beaten our rivals.”
(Keşke rakiplerimizi yenebilseydik.)
11. Roger didn’t warn them about the bandits in his neighbourhood.
“Roger wishes he had warned them about the bandits in his neighbourhood.”
(Keşke Roger mahallesindeki çeteler hakkında onları uyarmış olsaydı.)
12. I lied to my father, and I feel bad now.
“I wish I hadn’t lied to my father.”
(Keşke babama yalan söylemeseydim.)
13. My sister wanted to go to the cinema with her husband last night, so she asked me to look after her baby. I couldn’t, because I had an important exam the next day.
“I wish I could have looked after her baby last night.”
(Keşke dün gece onun bebeğine bakabilseydim.)
14. They were sleeping at the time of the explosion.
“I wish they hadn’t been sleeping at the time of the explosion.”
(Keşke patlama anında uyumuyor olsalardı.)
15. The bus was late, so I missed my exam.
“I wish the bus had been on time.”
(Keşke otobüs dakik olsaydı.)
3. A WISH ABOUT THE FUTURE
Gelecekte olmasını istediğimiz eylemleri (özellikle de gerçekleşeceğine dair umudumuz az olduğunda) ifade ederken wish’den sonra would V1 veya could V1 kullanırız.
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Subject wish subject would / could V1 object |
Gerçek durum: I am having a birthday party tomorrow. My best friend Jack won’t come to my party because he doesn’t like parties.
(Yarın doğum günü partisi veriyorum. En iyi arkadaşım Jack partime gelmeyecek çünkü partilerden hiç hoşlanmaz.)
İsteğimiz (arzumuz): I wish Jack would come to my birthday party.
(Keşke Jack doğum günü partime gelse.)
Gerçek durum: Mary won’t be able to come to my birthday party because she is ill.
(Mary hasta olduğu için doğum günü partime gelemeyecek.)
İsteğimiz (arzumuz): I wish she could come to my birthday party.
(Keşke doğum günü partime gelebilse.)
Gerçek durum: Your friend is always gossiping about other people. You don’t like it at all.
(Arkadaşınız başkaları hakkında sürekli dedikodu yapıyor. Siz bu durumdan hiç hoşlanmıyorsunuz.)
Yukarıda verilen durum şu ana ilişkin bir durumdur. Ancak siz şu ana ilişkin bir durumun şimdi veya gelecekte değişmesini arzuluyor olabilirsiniz. Günümüzde gerçekleşiyor olan ve özellikle de hoşumuza gitmeyen olay ve durumların gelecekte değişmesini istediğimizde söz konusu istek veya arzuyu would V1 ya da could V1 ile ifade edebiliriz.
İstek ya da arzumuz: I wish she would stop gossiping about people.
(Keşke insanlar hakkında dedikodu yapmaya bir son verse.)
Gerçek durum: Our neighbours make a lot of noise. (Komşularımız çok gürültü yapıyor.)
İstek ya da arzumuz: I wish they would stop making so much noise.
(Keşke bu kadar çok gürültü yapmaya bir son verseler.)
Gerçek durum: I have a lot of work to do tomorrow. My brother John cannot help me as he is very busy.
(Yarın yapacak çok işim var. Kardeşim John çok meşgul olduğu için bana yardım edemiyor.)
İstek ya da arzumuz: I wish he could help me tomorrow.
(Keşke yarın bana yardım edebilse.)
Wish clause’da would’un kullanımı konusunda dikkatli olmalıyız. Ana cümlenin öznesiyle yan cümlenin öznesi aynı olduğunda would kullanılamaz. Böyle durumlarda could kullanılması gereklidir.
Aşağıdaki örnekleri inceleyiniz.
I wish I would go.
Yukarıdaki örnekte ana cümleyle yan cümlenin öznesi I’dır. Bu yüzden cümle yanlıştır.
She wishes she would go.
Yukarıdaki örnekte yan cümlede would kullanılmıştır. Bu durumda her iki cümlenin öznesi de she olduğu için cümle yanlıştır.
I wish she would …
Yan cümlede yine would kullanılmıştır. Ancak bu kez ana cümlenin öznesiyle (I) yan cümlenin öznesi (she) farklı olduğundan ifade doğrudur.
I wish I would replace my old car with a new one.
I wish I could replace my old car with a new one.
Would kullanımının mümkün olmadığı bu durumlarda could kullanılır.
Gelecekte gerçekleşmesini istediğimiz ve gerçekleşmesi de muhtemel olan olaylar wish clause’la ifade edilmez. Bu durumlarda hope fiilini kullanırız. Wish clause gerçekleşmesini beklemediğimiz ama olmasını istediğimiz olaylar için kullanılır.
Aşağıdaki cümleleri inceleyiniz.
I hope he will come to my party. (Partime gelmesini umuyorum.)
(Partime gelmesi muhtemel ve ben bunu istiyorum.)
I wish he would come to my party. (Keşke partime gelse.)
(Partime gelmesini isterim ama bu pek muhtemel değil.)
A wish about the future
Aşağıdaki cümleleri inceleyiniz.
1. It is raining.
“I wish it would stop raining. Then we could go for a walk.”
(Keşke yağmur dinse. O zaman yürüyüşe çıkabiliriz.)
2. My best friend is not coming with us.
“I wish he would come with us. Then I would be happier.”
(Keşke bizimle gelse. O zaman daha mutlu olurdum.)
3. My sister is moving to another city soon. I’ll miss her a lot.
“I wish she wouldn’t move to another city.”
(Keşke başka bir şehre taşınmasa.)
4. We can’t go to the opening ceremony tomorrow.
“We wish we could go to the opening ceremony tomorrow.”
(Keşke yarın açılış törenine gidebilsek.)
5. They say that Helen and Patrick will get divorced soon because they can’t get on well anymore.
“I wish they wouldn’t get divorced. They are such a nice couple, and they have two children.”
(Keşke boşanmasalar. Onlar çok hoş bir çift ve iki çocukları var.)
6. I live in a crowded city, but don’t like it.
“I wish I could move to the countryside.”
(Keşke kırsala taşınabilsem.)
7. My son is 25 years old, but he doesn’t work. I want him to get a job.
“I wish my son would get a job.”
(Keşke oğlum bir işe girse.)
8. Our manager will have to retire soon. We all like him a lot.
“We wish he wouldn’t have to retire soon.”
(Keşke yakın zamanda emekli olmak zorunda olmasa.)
9. My little brother says he will tell everything to my father.
“I wish he wouldn’t do that.”
(Keşke bunu yapmasa.)
10. He always talks loudly in public and never stops doing that despite my warnings.
“I wish he wouldn’t talk loudly in public.”
(Keşke herkesin içinde yüksek sesle konuşmasa.)
IF ONLY
If only: I wish
If only ve wish aynı anlama sahiptir. Kullanım şekilleri de aynıdır. Ancak if only daha vurguludur.
- If only I had studied at university. Then I would have got a better job.
(Keşke üniversitede okumuş olsaydım. O zaman daha iyi bir işe girmiş olurdum.)
- If only he hadn’t had to resign from his job. He was such a nice manager.
(Keşke işinden istifa etmek zorunda kalmamış olsaydı. Çok iyi bir yöneticiydi.)
- If only there was something I could do to help you.
(Keşke sana yardım etmek için yapabileceğim bir şey olsaydı.)
- If only you weren’t ill.
(Keşke hasta olmasaydın.)
- If only he would get better soon.
(Keşke kısa zamanda iyileşse.)
- If only the two countries would make peace.
(Keşke iki ülke barış yapsa.)
- If only I didn’t have so much work. I can’t watch the match on TV.
(Keşke bu kadar çok işim olmasaydı. Televizyondaki maçı izleyemiyorum.)
- If only my flatmate wouldn’t borrow my clothes without asking.
(Keşke ev arkadaşım izin istemeden giysilerimi ödünç almasa.)
- If only my wife were more understanding. Then she wouldn’t nag so much after a hard day’s work.
(Keşke karım daha anlayışlı olsaydı. O zaman yoğun bir iş gününün ardından bu kadar çok dırdır etmezdi.)
- If he were only more understanding.
(Keşke daha anlayışlı olsa.)
- If you would only study harder.
(Keşke daha çok çalışsan.)
- If we could only help him with his financial problems.
(Keşke maddi problemlerinde ona yardım edebilsek.)
- If I only had more money.
(Keşke daha fazla param olsaydı.)
- If I had only known that you were stuck in traffic. Then I wouldn’t have worried so much.
(Keşke trafikte sıkıştığınızı bilseydim. O zaman bu kadar endişelenmezdim.)
- If I only had known that you were stuck in traffic. Then I wouldn’t have worried so much.
(Keşke trafikte sıkıştığınızı bilseydim. O zaman bu kadar endişelenmezdim.)
- If he only hadn’t been told the bad news.
(Keşke kötü haber ona söylenmeseydi.)
WOULD RATHER and WISH
Aşağıdaki örneklerde de görüldüğü gibi would rather ifadesi wish clause gibi işlev görmektedir.
Subject would rather Simple Past Tense (present or future)
Subject would rather Past Perfect Tense (past)
- I wish you were here with me. (a wish about the present)
- I’d rather you were here with me. (a wish about the present)
(Burada benimle olmanı tercih ederdim.)
- I wish she wouldn’t accept their job offer tomorrow. (a wish about the future)
- I’d rather she didn’t accept their job offer tomorrow. (a wish about the future)
(Yarın onların iş teklifini kabul etmemesini tercih ederim.)
- I wish we hadn’t spent all our money last week. (a wish about the past)
- I’d rather we hadn’t spent all our money last week. (a wish about the past)
(Geçen hafta bütün paramızı harcamamış olmayı tercih ederdim.)
1. Aşağıdaki cümleleri Türkçeye çeviriniz.
A wish about the present
1. I wish I were taller.
2. She wishes she were more beautiful.
3. I wish I were closer to my family.
4. I wish my parents were at home right now.
5. I wish I were better at public speaking.
6. She wishes she were as patient as her mother.
7. We wish we were in a warmer climate.
8. I wish my father had more money.
9. He wishes he had more friends.
10. She wishes her son had a job.
11. They wish they had a bigger house.
12. My sister wishes she had curly hair.
13. I wish I had blue eyes.
14. I wish my husband had a better memory.
15. I wish I spoke Korean.
16. I wish I knew Italian.
17. She wishes she lived in the country.
18. I wish I knew more people.
19. I wish I could play the piano.
20. John wishes he could run faster.
21. I wish my sister could cook better.
22. Mary wishes I could drive.
23. Have you ever wished you lived somewhere else?
1. Keşke daha uzun olsaydım.
2. Daha güzel olmak isterdi.
3. Keşke aileme daha yakın olsaydım.
4. Keşke annemle babam şu anda evde olsaydı.
5. Keşke toplum önünde konuşmada daha iyi olsaydım.
6. Annesi kadar sabırlı olmayı isterdi.
7. Keşke daha sıcak bir iklimde olsaydık.
8. Keşke babamın daha fazla parası olsaydı.
9. Daha çok arkadaşa sahip olmayı isterdi.
10. Oğlunun bir işi olmasını isterdi.
11. Daha büyük bir eve sahip olmayı isterlerdi.
12. Kız kardeşim kıvırcık saçlara sahip olmak istiyor.
13. Keşke mavi gözlerim olsaydı.
14. Keşke kocamın daha iyi bir hafızası olsaydı.
15. Keşke Korece konuşsaydım.
16. Keşke İtalyanca bilseydim.
17. Kırsalda yaşamak istiyor.
18. Keşke daha fazla insan tanısaydım.
19. Keşke piyano çalabilseydim.
20. John daha hızlı koşabilmeyi isterdi.
21. Keşke kız kardeşim daha iyi yemek yapabilseydi.
22. Mary araba kullanabilmemi istiyor.
23. Hiç başka bir yerde yaşıyor olmayı istedin mi?
2. Aşağıdaki cümleleri Türkçeye çeviriniz.
A wish about the past
1. She wishes she had saved more money last year.
2. I am very busy at work. I wish I had travelled more when I was younger.
3. We don’t have any money left for food. We wish we hadn’t spent so much on unnecessary things.
4. I wish I had listened to my parents’ advice.
5. He wishes he had taken that job offer in New York.
6. I don’t like my job at all. I wish I had chosen a different career path.
7. I wish I hadn’t missed that important meeting last week.
8. I wish I had appreciated the value of education when I was younger. I regret not taking it seriously.
9. We wish we had been preparing better for the storm.
10. I wish we hadn’t been speaking loudly. My baby woke up.
11. We wish we hadn’t been gossiping about Jane. We didn’t realise that she was sitting just behind us.
12. She wishes she hadn’t been caught cheating during the exam.
13. I wish I hadn’t been talking on the phone while cooking. I burned the dinner.
14. She wishes she could have experienced the thrill of skydiving.
15. I wish I could have visited my grandmother before she passed away.
16. My father wishes he could have invested in that startup when it was still affordable.
17. I wish we could have scored a goal, but the game ended in a draw.
18. I wish I hadn’t told John my secret; now he’s gossiping about it.
1. Geçen yıl daha fazla para biriktirmiş olmayı isterdi.
2. İşyerinde çok yoğunum. Keşke daha gençken daha fazla seyahat etseydim.
3. Yemek için hiç paramız kalmadı. Keşke gereksiz şeylere bu kadar çok para harcamasaydık.
4. Keşke anne ve babamın tavsiyesini dinleseydim.
5. New York'taki o iş teklifini kabul etmiş olayı isterdi.
6. İşimi hiç sevmiyorum. Keşke farklı bir kariyer yolu seçseydim.
7. Keşke geçen haftaki o önemli toplantıyı kaçırmasaydım.
8. Keşke daha gençken eğitimin değerini anlasaydım. Ciddiye almadığım için pişmanım.
9. Keşke fırtınaya daha iyi hazırlanmış olsaydık.
10. Keşke yüksek sesle konuşmasaydık. Bebeğim uyandı.
11. Keşke Jane hakkında dedikodu yapmıyor olsaydık. Tam arkamızda oturduğunu fark etmedik.
12. Sınavda kopya çekerken yakalanmamış olmayı isterdi.
13. Keşke yemek pişirirken telefonda konuşmuyor olsaydım. Yemeği yaktım.
14. Paraşütle atlamanın heyecanını deneyimleyebilmeyi isterdi.
15. Keşke büyükannemi vefat etmeden önce ziyaret edebilseydim.
16. Babam, fiyatı hala uygunken o girişime yatırım yapabilmiş olmayı isterdi.
17. Keşke bir gol atabilseydik ama maç berabere bitti.
18. Keşke John’a sırrımı söylemeseydim; şimdi dedikodusunu yapıyor.
3. Aşağıdaki cümleleri Türkçeye çeviriniz.
A wish about the future
1. I wish I could travel more often. There are so many places I want to see.
2. We wish common sense would soon prevail.
3. She wishes you would stop telling her what to do.
4. I wish she would express her opinions more confidently.
5. They wish they could have more free time to rehearse.
6. I wish someone would answer that phone. It’s been ringing for ages.
7. Our teacher wishes we would participate more in discussions.
8. I wish my neighbours would turn down the music. It's too loud.
9. We wish the weather would improve. It’s been raining nonstop.
10. I wish my sister could join us for the holiday. It would be nice to have everyone together.
11. She wishes she could find a better job. This one is too demanding.
12. I wish my brother would stop singing. He has a terrible voice.
1. Keşke daha sık seyahat edebilsem. Görmek istediğim çok fazla yer var.
2. Sağduyunun yakında galip gelmesini diliyoruz.
3. Ona ne yapması gerektiğini söylemeyi bırakmanızı istiyor.
4. Keşke fikirlerini daha kendinden emin bir şekilde ifade edebilse.
5. Prova yapmak için daha fazla boş zamanları olmasını istiyorlar.
6. Keşke birisi o telefona cevap verse. Uzun zamandır çalıyor.
7. Öğretmenimiz tartışmalara daha fazla katılmamızı istiyor.
8. Keşke komşularım müziği kıssa. Ses çok yüksek.
9. Keşke hava düzelse. Sürekli yağmur yağıyor.
10. Keşke kız kardeşim tatilde bize katılabilse. Herkesin bir arada olması güzel olurdu.
11. Daha iyi bir iş bulmak istiyor. Bu iş çok zorlayıcı.
12. Keşke kardeşim şarkı söylemeyi kesse. Sesi berbat.
4. Aşağıdaki cümleleri parantez içinde verilen fiilleri kullanarak tamamlayınız.
1. True situation: It is so cold this morning.
I wish it __________________ so cold. (be)
2. True situation: I can’t ride a horse.
I wish I __________________ a horse. (ride)
3. True situation: He can’t ski.
He wishes he __________________. (ski)
4. True situation: He is always telling lies.
We wish he __________________ telling lies. (stop)
5. True situation: I am a mine worker. It’s a difficult job and the pay isn’t good enough.
I wish I __________________ a mine worker. (be)
6. True situation: The two countries have been fighting for nearly ten years. A lot of people have been killed.
I wish they __________________ fighting soon. (stop)
7. True situation: I don’t know the truth.
I wish I __________________ the truth. (know)
8. True situation: My father has to work next Sunday.
We wish he ______________________________ next Sunday. (work)
9. True situation: He wasn’t at the concert. He missed a great performance.
I wish he __________________ at the concert. (be)
10. True situation: I didn’t listen to my mother. I should have listened to her.
I wish I __________________ my mother’s advice. (take)
ANSWER KEY
1. weren’t / wasn’t 2. could ride 3. could ski 4. would stop 5. weren’t 6. would stop 7. knew 8. wouldn’t have to work 9. had been 10. had taken
5. Aşağıdaki cümleleri tamamlayınız.
1. My father has to work long hours every day.
I wish he ___________________________________________ long hours every day.
2. I have to make my bed every morning.
I wish I ____________________________________________ my bed every morning.
3. She can’t see very well without her glasses.
She wishes she _____________________________________ very well without her glasses.
4. I cannot eat tomatoes. Because I am allergic to them.
I wish I ________________________________ tomatoes, but I can’t because I am allergic to them.
5. My best friend cannot come with me to Taiwan this summer.
I wish he _____________________________________ with me to Taiwan this summer.
6. We got lost in the mountains and we missed the party at night.
I wish we ____________________________________________ in the mountains.
7. My father won’t be able to help us.
I wish my father _______________________________________________ us.
8. I live in Istanbul, and I hate it.
I wish I ____________________________________ in Istanbul.
9. The police can’t catch the criminals.
We wish they ___________________________________________ the criminals.
10. Our kitchen isn’t large enough.
I wish it __________________________________________________________.
ANSWERS
1. didn’t have to work 2. didn’t have to make 3. could see 4. could eat 5. could come 6. hadn’t got lost 7. could help / would be able to help 8. didn’t live 9. could catch
10. were larger / large enough
6. Aşağıdaki cümleleri tamamlayınız.
1. The weather is cloudy today. I wish it _____________ sunny.
2. Our house is very old. I wish it ______________ new.
3. Our boss is not very kind to us. We wish he ____________________ kind to us.
4. It is too expensive for me to buy. I wish it __________________ cheaper.
5. He isn’t rich. He wishes he ______________ rich.
6. I am not a pop star, but I wish I _______________ a pop star.
7. My office doesn’t have large windows. I wish it __________________________ large windows.
8. It’s raining now. I wish it _______________________.
9. He isn’t very intelligent. He wishes he _____________________ more intelligent.
10. He can’t find a good job. He wishes he ________________________ a good job.
11. Juan can’t speak English fluently. He wishes he _____________________________ it fluently.
12. I can’t give up eating junk food, but I’d like to. I wish I ______________________ eating junk food.
13. It’s freezing outside. I wish I __________________ my coat before I went out.
14. I don’t have her address. I wish I ___________________________ her address.
15. It isn’t a public holiday today, but my son wishes it __________________ a public holiday today.
16. I love animals. I wish I ____________________ understand the language of animals and communicate with them.
ANSWER KEY
1. were 2. were 3. were 4. were 5. were 6. were 7. had 8. weren’t raining 9. were 10. could find 11. could speak 12. could give up / stop 13. had put on 14. had 15. were (was) 16. could
7. Aşağıdaki cümleleri tamamlayınız.
1. I have eaten too much and I feel bad now. I wish I __________________ so much. (not eat)
2. She lost her purse. She wishes she _________________________ it. (not lose)
3. I didn’t buy the camera I saw in the shop window yesterday. Now I regret not buying it. I wish I _________________________ it. (buy)
4. They are stuck in traffic. I wish they ____________________________ in traffic. (not be stuck)
5. They painted the walls light blue, but I wish they _______________________ it white. (paint)
6. Our television often breaks down. We wish we _____________________ it. (not buy)
7. I told her my secret. I wish I __________________ her my secret. (not tell)
8. They don’t like the new Prime Minister anymore. They wish they _____________________ for the other candidate. (vote)
9. We ate lunch at that restaurant yesterday, but the food was awful. We wish we ________________ at that restaurant. (not eat)
11. The teacher told my parents about my cheating in the exam. I wish I _____________________
in the exam. (not cheat)
12. I wasn’t able to save the computer from the burning office. Unfortunately, we lost all our data. I wish I _______________________________________ it. (save)
13. The strike is still going on. I wish it _______________________ soon. (end)
14. The inflation rate doesn’t seem to be going down. I wish it ____________________________ soon. (go down)
15. She has lost her dictionary. She wishes she _______________________ it. (not lose)
ANSWER KEY
1. hadn’t eaten 2. hadn’t lost 3. had bought 4. weren’t stuck 5. had painted 6. hadn’t bought 7. hadn’t told 8. had voted 9. hadn’t eaten 10. hadn’t gone 11. hadn’t cheated
8. Aşağıdaki cümleleri parantez içinde verilen kelimelerle tamamlayınız.
1. I feel sick. I wish I _____________________ so much curry. (not eat)
2. I'm fed up with this snow. I wish it _____________________ snowing. (stop)
3. It's a difficult question. I wish I _____________________ the answer. (know)
4. I wish Martha _____________________ here. She'd be able to help us. (be)
5. Aren't they ready yet? I wish they _____________________. (hurry)
6. It is nice to stay here. I wish you _____________________ leave tomorrow. (not have to)
7. It's foggy today. I wish it _____________________ so foggy. (not be)
8. My grandma is very old, and she can’t remember my name anymore. I wish she _______________ it. (remember)
9. I am so sorry for what I said. I wish I _____________________ anything. (not say)
10. You're driving too fast. I wish you _____________________ a bit. (slow down)
ANSWER KEY
1. hadn’t eaten 2. would stop 3. knew 4. were 5. would hurry 6. wouldn’t have to 7. weren’t 8. could remember 9. hadn’t said 10. would slow down
9. Aşağıdaki cümleleri tamamlayınız.
1. You have put on a lot of weight recently because you have eaten a lot.
I wish you _____________________________ so much.
2. I have lost my purse.
I wish I ______________________________________ my purse.
3. My sister can't sing well enough to become a singer. She is so sorry.
My sister wishes she _________________________________ well enough to become a singer.
4. You overslept and missed the bus yesterday morning.
I wish I ______________________________________________________ yesterday morning.
5. They live in a small village and they don't like it. They want to live in a big city.
They wish they ___________________________________ in a big city.
6. I’m short. I am jealous of tall people.
I wish I _______________________ tall.
7. It’s raining now and you don’t like it.
I wish it _____________________________________________________
8. You would like to travel around the world, but you are too busy.
I wish I _______________________________ so busy.
9. My brother hasn’t got a house with a garden, and he wants one.
My brother wishes he _______________________________ a house with a garden.
10. A friend didn’t come to your party, and you are upset.
I wish he ____________________________________ to my party.
ANSWER KEY
1. hadn’t eaten 2. hadn’t lost 3. could sing 4. hadn’t overslept and missed 5. lived
10. Aşağıdaki cümleleri tamamlayınız.
1. We can’t see into the future and anticipate what lies ahead.
We wish ______________________________________ the future and anticipate what lies ahead.
2. I can’t make new friends easily.
I wish __________________________________________________ new friends easily.
3. We won’t be able to take part in the charity event tomorrow.
They wish __________________________________________ the charity event tomorrow.
4. I am not very patient with my kids; I tend to lose my temper too quickly.
I wish _____________________ more patient with my kids.
5. The students were not paying attention to the teacher during the lecture.
They wish _____________________________________ to the teacher during the lecture.
6. I didn’t enrol in that art class years ago and didn’t discover my talent earlier.
If only ____________________________________________ my talent earlier.
7. People won’t take better care of the environment and be more conscious of their ecological footprint.
I wish __________________________________ the environment and be more conscious of their ecological footprint
8. I have been eating so much junk food lately.
If only _________________________________________ so much junk food.
1. we could see into 2. I could make 3. we would be able to / could take part in 4. I were 5. they had been paying attention 6. I had discovered 7. people would take better care of 8. I hadn't been eating
11. Aşağıdaki cümleleri tamamlayınız.
1. I can’t travel to distant galaxies and explore
I wish ____________________________________________________ the wonders of the universe.
2. He missed the train and was late for the funeral.
If only ____________________________ the train.
3. I don’t have the confidence to perform on stage in front of a large audience without fear.
I wish ______________________ the confidence to perform on stage in front of a large audience without fear.
4. I don’t have the power of invisibility, so I can’t sneak into places and gather valuable information.
If only ___________________________ and ______________________ into places and gather valuable information.
5. I didn’t spend enough time with my family in the past. Instead, I worked a lot.
I wish _______________________ enough time with my family in the past. Instead, I worked a lot.
6. I can’t play the piano like a virtuoso and mesmerize audiences with my music.
I wish _______________________ the piano like a virtuoso and mesmerize audiences with my music.
7. They didn’t listen to my advice and got into trouble.
If only ___________________________ my advice. Then they wouldn’t have got into trouble.
8. She doesn’t call me as often as she used to. I miss hearing her call.
I wish _____________________ me as often as she used to. I miss hearing her call.
9. I didn’t have the opportunity to visit Europe last year.
If only ___________________________ the opportunity to visit Europe last year.
10. I couldn’t attend the concert of my favourite band because I was out of town.
I wish __________________________ the concert of my favourite band but I was out of town.
ANSWER KEY
1. I could travel to distant galaxies and explore 2. he hadn’t missed 3. I had 4. I had the power of invisibility / could sneak into 5. I had spent 6. I could play
12. Aşağıdaki cümleleri en iyi tamamlayan seçeneği işaretleyiniz.
1. We wish we ----- the camera; now we can’t take photos of this beautiful place.
A) couldn’t forget
B) don’t forget
C) wouldn’t forget
D) hadn’t forgotten
E) didn’t forget
2. We wish that they ----- here with us on this special occasion but they are on holiday.
A) have been
B) are
C) could be
D) were
E) had been
3. She wishes that her parents ----- her decision to study abroad. She really wants to go to the USA next year.
A) support
B) were supported
C) have supported
D) had supported
E) would support
4. I wish I ----- his mobile phone number; we could tell him the good news.
A) have
B) had
C) would have
D) had had
E) have had
5. I wish I ----- in that company years ago.
A) had invested
B) could invest
C) were investing
D) invested
E) would invest
6. He wishes he ----- the job offer when it was first offered.
A) were taking
B) would taken
C) had taken
D) took
E) has taken
7. If only he ----- those hurtful words; he felt sorry afterwards.
A) hasn’t said
B) doesn’t say
C) hadn’t said
D) wouldn’t say
E) didn’t say
8. I don’t enjoy this kind of work. I wish I ----- a better job.
A) had had
B) would have
C) have had
D) had
E) would have had
9. I’m starving I wish I ----- breakfast this morning.
B) had eaten
C) ate
D) would eat
E) have eaten
10. We wish we ----- the city, but the weather is terrible.
A) explore
B) would explore
C) have explored
D) had explored
E) were exploring
11. He wishes his boss ----- his efforts a bit more.
A) will appreciate
B) were appreciated
C) would appreciate
D) has appreciated
E) appreciates
12. They wish they ----- more places on their trip, but time was limited.
A) would visit
B) could have visited
C) have visited
D) visit
E) visited
13. I wish I ----- by the fireplace right now, but I'm stuck at the office.
A) had sat
B) sat
C) have sat
D) were sitting
E) would sit
14. I shouted at my girlfriend, and she broke up with me. I wish I ----- her.
A) didn’t shout at
B) don’t shout at
C) wouldn’t have shouted
D) wouldn’t shout at
E) hadn’t shouted at
15. I am not the boss so I can’t use this car park. I wish I ----- the boss.
A) would be
B) am
C) had been
D) were
E) have been
16. I want to go away for the weekend, but I’ve got lots of work to do. I wish I
----- so much work to do.
A) didn’t have
B) hadn’t had
C) wouldn’t have
D) couldn’t have
E) wouldn’t have had
17. I got badly injured because I wasn't wearing a helmet when the accident happened.
I wish I ----- a helmet at the time of the accident.
A) wore
B) have worn
C) had been wearing
D) would be wearing
E) were wearing
18. I’d like to have a cat, but I’m allergic to cat hair. I wish I ----- allergic to it.
A) couldn’t be
B) weren’t
C) haven’t been
D) hadn’t been
E) am not
19. We didn’t fill up the tank, and we ran out of petrol. I wish we ----- the tank.
A) would have filled up
B) filled up
C) fill up
D) would fill up
E) had filled up
20. She is biting her nails, and she doesn’t like it. She wishes she ----- biting my nails.
A) could stop
B) has stopped
C) stops
D) stopped
E) would stop
21. These seats are very uncomfortable. I wish we ----- first class.
A) travelled
B) travel
C) were travelling
D) would travel
E) had travelled
22. I always have to get home early. If only my parents ----- me stay out later.
A) letting
B) would let
C) lets
D) had let
E) have let
23. The neighbours are arguing again. I wish they ----- it.
A) stop
B) had stopped
C) stopping
D) stopped
E) would stop
24. Don't you ever wish you ----- more free time?
A) had had
B) would have
C) had
D) have
E) have had
25. I sometimes wish I ----- to university after I left school.
A) could go
B) have gone
C) would go
D) went
E) had gone
26. It's a fantastic book! I've almost finished it. I wish it ----- longer.
A) were
B) has been
C) been
D) had been
E) could be
27. They had an accident because of the bad weather. I wish the weather ----- so bad.
A) didn’t
B) hadn’t been
C) haven’t been
D) weren’t
E) wouldn’t be
28. She wishes she ----- the flight; now she has to wait hours for the next one.
A) didn’t miss
B) hadn’t missed
C) weren’t missing
D) doesn’t miss
E) wouldn’t miss
29. They wish it ----- raining so they can have a picnic.
A) stops
B) has stopped
C) would have stopped
D) had stopped
E) would stop
30. He wishes he ----- soccer with his friends now, but he has to study for a test.
A) were playing
B) plays
C) would play
D) had played
E) has played
ANSWER KEY
1. D 6. C 11. C 16. A 21. C 26. A
2. D 7. C 12. B 17. C 22. B 27. B
3. E 8. D 13. D 18. B 23. E 28. B
4. B 9. B 14. E 19. E 24. C 29. E
5. A 10. E 15. D 20. A 25. E 30. A