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İngilizce öğrenmenin en kolay hali...
İngilizce öğrenmenin en kolay hali...
Positive sentences (Olumlu cümleler)
Future Perfect Tense’de olumlu cümleler özneyle başlar. Ardından will ve daha sonra da have V3 (past participle) gelir. Cümle nesne ve zaman zarfıyla sona erer.
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Subject will have V3 object time expression |
Aşağıdaki cümleleri inceleyiniz.
- I will have finished the work before 3.00 o’clock.
(Saat 3.00’ten önce işi bitirmiş olacağım.)
- You will have left home when I arrive there.
(Ben oraya vardığımda sen evden ayrılmış olacaksın.)
- She will have completed this course by winter.
(Kışa kadar bu kursu tamamlamış olacak.)
- I will have learned a lot of English by the time I go to England.
(İngiltere'ye gidene kadar epey İngilizce öğrenmiş olacağım.)
- By next year, she will have visited eight countries.
(Gelecek yıla kadar sekiz ülkeyi ziyaret etmiş olacak.)
- By the end of this spring, they will have planted 300 trees.
(Bu baharın sonuna kadar 300 ağaç dikmiş olacaklar.)
- We will have eaten the cake by the time you bring the beverages.
(Siz içecekleri getirene kadar biz pastayı yemiş olacağız.)
- We will have booked a holiday before the summer.
(Yaz gelmeden tatil rezervasyonu yaptırmış olacağız.)
- The lesson will have started by the time you get out of bed.
(Sen yataktan kalkana kadar ders başlamış olacak.)
- On 12 July, my grandparents will have been married for 50 years.
(12 Temmuz'da büyükannem ve büyükbabam 50 yıldır evli olacaklar.)
- The guests are coming at 9.00 p.m. I'll have finished cleaning the house by then.
(Misafirler saat 9.00'da geliyor. O zamana kadar evi temizlemeyi bitirmiş olurum.)
- In three years, I'll have graduated from university.
(Üç yıl sonra üniversiteden mezun olmuş olacağım.)
- I believe aliens from outer space will have discovered us before we discover them.
(Uzaylıların biz onları keşfetmeden önce bizi keşfetmiş olacağına inanıyorum.)
- They will have resolved the problem by tomorrow.
(Yarına kadar sorunu çözmüş olurlar / olacaklar.)
- I think I will have found a job by next month.
(Sanırım önümüzdeki ay itibariyle bir iş bulmuş olacağım / olurum.)
Negative sentences (Olumsuz cümleler)
Future Perfect Tense’de cümleyi olumsuz yapmak için will’den sonra not getirilir.
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Subject will not have V3 object time expression (won’t) |
- You won’t have left when I arrive, will you?
(Ben geldiğimde gitmiş olmayacaksın, değil mi?)
- They won’t have left the factory when we get there.
(Biz oraya vardığımızda fabrikayı terk etmiş olmayacaklar.)
- We won’t have finished the project by next week.
(Önümüzdeki haftaya kadar projeyi bitirmiş olmayacağız.)
- We will not have signed the agreement by next year.
(Önümüzdeki yıla kadar anlaşmayı imzalamış olmayacağız.)
- The kids won’t have fallen asleep by the time we get home.
(Eve vardığımızda çocuklar uyumamış olacak.)
- I won't have saved enough money for a new car by the time you come back from Paris.
(Sen Paris'ten dönene kadar yeni bir araba için yeterince para biriktirmiş olmayacağım.)
- We will not have had dinner before we get to the city.
(Şehre varmadan akşam yemeği yemiş olmayacağız.)
- They will not have finished cleaning the house before the guests arrive.
(Misafirler gelmeden evi temizlemeyi bitirmiş olmayacaklar.)
- By the time I arrive home, my little son won’t have gone to bed.
(Ben eve varana kadar oğlum yatmamış olacak.)
- I won't have written all the reports by next week.
(Gelecek haftaya kadar tüm raporları yazmış olmayacağım.)
Yes / No questions (Cevabı evet / hayır türünden sorular)
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Will subject have V3 object time expression? |
A: Will you have gone to bed when I get back?
B: Yes, I will. / No, I won't.
A: Ben döndüğümde yatmış olacak mısın / olur musun?
B: Evet, yatmış olurum. / Hayır, yatmış olmam.
- Will you have cooked lunch when we arrive?
(Biz geldiğimizde öğle yemeğini yapmış olacak mısın?)
- Will they have finished preparing the food and drinks before the party?
(Partiden önce yiyecek ve içecekleri hazırlamayı bitirmiş olacaklar mı?)
- Will he have left work by 6.00 o’clock?
(Saat 6.00’ya kadar işten çıkmış olacak mı?)
- Will you have left home when I get back?
(Döndüğümde evden ayrılmış olacak mısın?)
- Will your father have resigned by the end of this year?
(Baban yılsonuna kadar istifa etmiş olacak mı?)
- Will we have finished our work by tomorrow evening?
(Yarın akşama kadar işimizi bitirmiş olur muyuz?)
- Will the match have ended already when we arrive?
(Biz vardığımızda maç çoktan sona ermiş olur mu?)
- Will the members have gathered by the time we start to serve the drinks?
(Biz içecekleri servis etmeye başlayana kadar üyeler toplanmış olur mu?)
- Will scientists have found a cure for cancer before 2050?
(Bilim adamları 2050'den önce kansere çare bulmuş olur mu?)
- Will my father have recovered from his illness by next week?
(Babam gelecek haftaya kadar hastalığını atlatmış olur mu?)
Questions with a question word (Soru kelimeli sorular)
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Q.W. will subject have V3 object time expression? |
- How many books will they have studied before the end of this term?
(Bu dönem bitmeden kaç kitap okumuş olacaklar?)
- How many years will your father have worked when he retires next year?
(Gelecek yıl emekli olduğunda babanız kaç yıl çalışmış olacak?)
- What will you have done by the end of this week?
(Bu haftanın sonuna kadar ne yapmış olacaksın?)
- When will you have finished writing your book?
(Kitabını yazmayı ne zaman bitirmiş olacaksın?)
- How much money will you have saved by next year?
(Gelecek yıla kadar ne kadar para biriktirmiş olursun?)
USE OF THE FUTURE PERFECT TENSE
1. Gelecekte bir zamana kadar olmuş / tamamlanmış / bitmiş eylemler Future Perfect Tense’le ifade edilir.
- Her flight will have left by 3.00 o’clock.
(Uçağı saat 3.00'e kadar ayrılmış olacak.)
- They will have landed on Mars by the year 2050.
(2050’ye kadar Mars’a inmiş olacaklar.)
- I’ll be at home at 2.00 o’clock. I hope you will have finished cleaning by then.
(Saat 2.00'de evde olacağım. Umarım o zamana kadar temizliği bitirmiş olursun.)
- Her foot will have fully healed by the summer.
(Ayağı yaza kadar tamamen iyileşmiş olacak.)
- They will have stopped at a service station before their petrol runs out.
(Benzinleri bitmeden bir servis istasyonunda mola vermiş olacaklar.)
- I’ve been saving money since January. I will have saved enough money for the bike I want by November.
(Ocak ayından beri para biriktiriyorum. Kasım ayına kadar istediğim bisiklet için yeterince para biriktirmiş olacağım.)
Bu tense ile sıkça kullanılan zaman zarfları:
by + time expression
before + time expression
in + a period of time
a period of time + from now
by 2050 in three weeks before Monday
by Saturday in five days before April
by August in two years before summer
by tomorrow in a day's time before 4.00 o’clock
by next year in four months' time
by this time next year in five years' time
by 5 o’clock three years from now
by midnight five days from now
by then
Aşağıdaki örnekleri inceleyiniz.
- I will have finished reading this book by August.
- She will have applied for the job by tomorrow.
- We will have moved to a new house by next year.
- They will have completed their research by this time next year.
- I will have cleaned the entire house by 5.00 o’clock.
- He will have written the first three chapters of his novel by midnight.
- We will have made our decision by then.
- She will have graduated before summer.
- I will have called all the clients before 4.00 o’clock.
- In 2028, we'll have lived in this house for seven years.
- They will have launched the new website before Monday.
- We will have secured funding for the project before April.
- I will have lost weight in three weeks.
- She will have organised the whole event in five days.
- They will have built their dream home in two years.
- He will have saved enough money to buy a second-hand car by August.
- They will have landed on Mars by the year 2050.
- By next month, you will have been promoted.
- I will have completed the project in two days.
- You can touch the walls tomorrow. The paint will have dried by then.
- I think he will have admitted everything before the end of the day.
- This time next year, I'll have completed my English course, so we can go to England then.
- Next month, we'll have known each other for ten years.
- By 2070, the population of the country will have doubled.
- Two years from now, we'll have been together for 15 years.
- In June, I'll have been out of work for three years.
- In 3 years, we'll have been together for a decade.
- My grandfather will have retired to a comfortable cottage in the countryside by the age of 65.
- Will you have finished building the new shopping centre by Christmas?
- He will have saved enough money for some new furniture before the end of the year.
Bu tense ile sıkça kullanılan zaman bağlaçları:
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By the time When subject V1 object, subject will have V3 object Before |
By ve by the time “-e / -a kadar” anlamına gelir. By edat (preposition) olduğundan kendisinden sonra zaman ifadesi, by the time ise bağlaç olduğu için ardından cümle (clause) kullanılır.
- My mum will have baked the cake before the guests arrive.
- The robbers will have taken away all the money before the police arrive.
- I will have finished the report before the meeting starts.
- She will have left the house before the sun rises.
- They will have completed the project before the deadline arrives.
- We will have cleaned up the mess before our parents come home.
- We are on holiday. So, by the time we get back, we will have rested and relaxed.
- We will already have eaten dinner when he comes.
- The sun will have set when we begin our evening walk.
- I'll have been married and had two children by the time I'm 35.
- We will have bought our tickets by the time the match starts.
- Her parents will have had breakfast by the time she wakes up.
- They will have reached the top of the mountain by the time we leave the camp.
- By the time we arrive, they will have left the party.
- By the time I arrive at the station, the train will have left.
- By the time we come back from London, the new contract will have been signed. (passive)
- By the time I'm 23, I'll have graduated from university.
- By the time they arrive, the concert will be over.
- By the time he graduates from university, he will be twenty-three.
- By the time the ambulance arrives at the hospital, the injured man will be dead.
- By the time the summer ends, they will have been married for two years.
- By the time winter comes, I will have been a teacher for three months.
- My father has just found a new job. By the time he starts his new job, he will have been unemployed for four months.
Complete the sentences using the Future Perfect or the Simple Present Tense.
1. My husband __________________________ (finish) the night shift by the time I get up in the morning.
2. By 2040, I hope researchers _______________________ (find) a cure for cancer.
3. By the time we get on the plane, they ______________ already _____________ (load) the luggage.
4. By this time next month, I hope they _______________________ (finish) building the new stadium.
5. My brother ________________________ (complete) his bachelor’s degree by June.
6. Professor Marlow _________________________ (teach) at this university for 25 years by the time he retires in June.
7. By this time tomorrow, they __________________________________ (arrive) in Hawaii.
8. ______________ he _________________ (receive) the message by the time your flight takes off?
9. The factory will have closed down by the time they _____________ (find) a solution to the crisis.
10. By the time the match starts, we _______________________ (buy) our tickets.
11. They say that robots ____________________________ (taken over) almost all jobs before 2100.
12. Call me at 2 p.m. The meeting _____________________ (end) by then.
13. By next Friday, we _________________________ (move) into our new home.
14. By the end of the year, the company ____________________ (expand) its operations to three new countries.
15. By 2050, scientists __________________________ (develop) more advanced AI technologies.
16. He _______________________ (work) at the company for ten years by the time he decides to retire.
17. By the time the film ___________________________ (start), I will have picked up the snacks.
18. The project manager believes the team _________________________ (complete) the project ahead of schedule.
19. By the time we _____________________ (arrive) at the conference, the keynote speech will have started.
20. She _____________________ (live) in Paris for three months by the end of her study abroad program.
21. By tomorrow afternoon, they __________________________ (announce) the winners of the competition.
22. The city _________________________ (build) the new public transport system by 2030.
ANSWER KEY
1. will have finished 12. will have ended
2. will have found 13. will have moved
3. will have / loaded 14. will have expanded
4. will have finished 15. will have developed
5. will have completed 16. will have worked
6. will have taught 17. starts
7. will have arrived 18. will have completed
8. Will / have received 19. arrive
9. find 20. will have lived
10. will have bought 21. will have announced
11. will have taken over 22. will have built
FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
Positive sentences (Olumlu cümleler)
Future Perfect Continuous Tense’de olumlu cümle özneyle başlar. Ardında will + have been Ving gelir. Nesne ve zaman zarfı en sonda yer alır.
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Subject will have been Ving object time expression |
1. Bu tense gelecekte belirli bir zamanda bir eylemin ne kadar zamandır devam etmekte olduğunu ifade etmek için kullanılır.
- In October, our manager will have been working for the company for 25 years.
(Ekim ayında müdürümüz 25 yıldır şirkette çalışıyor olacak.)
- In June, she will have been living in Turkey for a year.
(Haziran ayında bir yıldır Türkiye'de yaşıyor olacak.)
- I will have been studying English for three months by the end of this course.
(Bu kursun sonunda üç aydır İngilizce okuyor olacağım.)
- In August, I will have been working for this company for five years.
(Ağustos ayında bu şirkette beş yıldır çalışıyor olacağım.)
- At two o’clock, I will have been waiting for him for twenty-five minutes.
(Saat ikide yirmi beş dakikadır onu bekliyor olacağım.)
- When I turn twenty, I will have been playing the violin for ten years.
(Yirmi yaşımı bitirdiğimde on yıldır keman çalıyor olacağım.)
- She will have been studying for three hours by the time you arrive.
(Siz gelene kadar o üç saattir ders çalışıyor olacak.)
- They will have been travelling around Asia for three weeks when they finally arrive in Japan.
(Nihayetinde Japonya'ya ulaştıklarında üç haftadır Asya kıtasını geziyor olacaklar.)
- I will have been teaching at the university for thirty-five years when I retire next year.
(Gelecek yıl emekli olduğumda üniversitede otuz beş yıldır öğretmenlik yapıyor olacağım.)
Future Perfect Continuous Tense diğer continuous tense’lerde olduğu gibi non-action fiillerle kullanılmaz. Bu fiillerle Future Perfect Tense kullanılır.
- We will have known each other for twenty years when the summer comes. (Doğru)
- We will have been knowing each other for twenty years when the summer comes. (Yanlış)
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Future Perfect Continuous Tense for + a period of time + by time expression |
- They will have been studying the effects of climate change for twenty years by 2030.
- By 2030, I will have been living in this city for twelve years.
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By the time When Simple Present Tense, Future Perfect Continuous Tense + for + a period of time Before |
- When winter arrives, I will have been studying Japanese for two years.
- When the clock strikes midnight, she will have been reading that novel for three hours.
- When the new year starts, he will have been working at the company for a decade.
- By the time he graduates, he will have been studying at the university for four years.
- By the time they retire, they will have been working together for over thirty years.
- By the time the film is released, I will have been waiting for it for six months.
2. Gelecekte bir süre devam edecek ve belirli bir zamanda bitecek eylemleri ifade ederken de Future Perfect Tense kullanılır.
- When the new law takes effect in January, the committee will have been working on the legislation for over a year.
(Yeni yasa Ocak ayında yürürlüğe girdiğinde komite bir yıldan fazla bir süredir yasa üzerinde çalışıyor olacak.)
- When my mother retires in 2040, she will have been working with the company for 35 years.
(Annem 2040 yılında emekli olduğunda şirkette 35 yıldır çalışıyor olacak.)
- They will have been sailing around the world for eighteen months by the time they dock at their final port next July.
(Gelecek Temmuz'da son limanlarına yanaştıklarında on sekiz aydır dünyanın çevresini dolaşıyor olacaklar.)
- By the time the peace treaty is signed, the diplomats will have been negotiating terms for nearly three years.
(Barış anlaşması imzalandığında diplomatlar yaklaşık üç yıldır şartları müzakere ediyor olacak.)
- By the time the documentary is released, the film crew will have been travelling through remote regions for two years.
(Belgesel vizyona girdiğinde film ekibi iki yıldır uzak bölgeleri geziyor olacak.)
- They will have been restoring the historic mansion for four years by the time it opens to the public as a museum.
(Tarihi konak müze olarak halka açıldığında onu dört yıldır restore ediyor olacaklar.)
Aşağıdaki cümleleri Türkçeye çeviriniz.
1. By next month, we will have been living in our new house for a year.
3. By the time you get back from your holiday, I will have been working on this project for over two months.
4. They will have been travelling around Turkey for two months by the end of July.
5. When the new season begins, the team will have been training together for three months.
6. By tomorrow morning, the snowstorm will have been raging for 24 hours.
7. He will have been teaching at the university for twenty years by the time he retires next year.
8. By the time the sun rises, she will have been driving through the night for ten hours.
9. We will have been waiting for the concert to start for three hours by the time the doors open.
10. By the time the meeting concludes, they will have been discussing the proposal for over two hours.
11. By the end of the week, I will have been jogging every morning for two months.
12. They will have been renovating their home for a month by the time it's finally finished.
13. By the time the marathon starts, she will have been preparing for it for six months.
14. The company will have been expanding its operations overseas for three years by the end of this quarter.
15. By the time he turns 30, he will have been playing professional football for twelve years.
16. She will have been teaching yoga for fifteen years by the time she opens her studio.
17. By the time the treaty takes effect, diplomats will have been negotiating it for over five years.
18. The astronauts will have been training for their mission to Mars for more than two years by the time they launch.
1. Gelecek aydan itibariyle bir yıldır yeni evimizde yaşıyor olacağız.
2. Sınavlar başladığında üç haftadır aralıksız çalışıyor olacak.
3. Sen tatilden dönene kadar, ben iki aydan fazla bir süredir bu proje üzerinde çalışıyor olacağım.
4. Temmuz ayı sonuna kadar iki aydır Türkiye’yi geziyor olacaklar.
5. Yeni sezon başladığında takım üç aydır birlikte antrenman yapıyor olacak.
6. Yarın sabaha kadar kar fırtınası 24 saattir ortalığı kasıp kavuruyor olacak.
7. Gelecek yıl emekli olduğunda üniversitede yirmi yıldır ders veriyor olacak.
8. Güneş doğduğunda gece boyunca on saattir araba kullanıyor olacak.
9. Kapılar açıldığında üç saattir konserin başlamasını bekliyor olacağız.
10. Toplantı sona erdiğinde öneriyi iki saatten fazla süredir tartışıyor olacaklar.
11. Hafta sonuna kadar iki aydır her sabah koşu yapıyor olacağım.
12. Sonunda bitene kadar evlerini bir aydır yeniliyor olacaklar.
13. Maraton başlayana kadar altı aydır maraton için hazırlanıyor olacak.
14. Şirket, bu çeyreğin sonuna kadar yurt dışındaki faaliyetlerini üç yıldır genişletiyor olacak.
15. 30 yaşını bitirene kadar on iki yıldır profesyonel futbol oynuyor olacak.
16. Kendi stüdyosunu açana kadar beş yıldır yoga öğretiyor olacak.
17. Anlaşma yürürlüğe girene kadar diplomatlar anlaşmayı beş yıldan fazla süredir müzakere ediyor olacak.
18. Astronotlar, fırlatılana kadar iki yıldan fazla bir süredir Mars görevi için eğitim alıyor olacaklar.